1. Freezing the material at -300^oF to modify the microstructure and improve the properties.

2. A "dry" process.

3. A "one time" treatment.

4. A "through" treatment.

5. A treatment to improve properties - particularly the wear properties.

Deep Cryogenic Treatment at -300^oF can make a major contribution to solving these problems:

1. HIGH ABRASIVE WEAR in cutting tools, molds, dies, bearings, etc.

2. HIGH CORROSIVE WEAR in chemical, food and oil equipment applications.

3. HIGH EROSIVE WEAR from wind, water and other abrasive grit carriers.

4. DISTORTIONS induced by design, forming, machining or environment.

5. STRESS RELIEF in complex tools, components and welds.

6. STRESS RELIEF CRACKING in weld zones in corrosive atmospheres.

7. SURFACE FINISH in any applications where long life is needed.

8. STABILIZATION in parts and components as a result of stresses.

9. MACHINABILITY in aluminum and copper parts.

10. ELECTRODE LIFE in copper resistance welding electrodes.

1. Most of the retained austenite is transformed into martensite. The martensite is then tempered to change it into tempered martensite.

2. Small complex carbides called eta carbides are precipitated out.

3. Residual stresses are greatly reduced.
   

Alloys with greater than 0.40% carbon REQUIRE Cryogenic Tempering to finish martensite transformation.

Ferrous Materials:

1. Tool steels
2. Higher carbon, higher alloy materials
3. Martensitic stainless steels
4. Gray cast iron

Aluminum

Brass

Tungsten carbide

Other applications of the process are

1. Musical instruments
2. Motor sport applications
3. Gun barrels
4. Sporting goods
5. Disc brake rotors
6. Others such as composites, etc.